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There are structural defects, inherent pores and cracks in the refractory castable. Under the action of external forces, the cracks are easy to start, and lack of energy dissipation mechanism, which is prone to brittle fracture. The toughening way can control the microstructure, reduce the size of cracks, and control the number and distribution of impurities and pores.It is also possible to prevent crack propagation by increasing energy dissipation mechanism and setting obstacles.Phase change toughening and microcrack toughening can produce energy dissipation mechanism.Dispersion of the second phase particles can cause crack propagation to encounter obstacles and crack deflection to toughen.All these measures can hinder the further crack growth, improve the toughness of the material, and thus improve the thermal shock resistance of refractory castable.
Refractory castable is one of the most widely used amorphous refractory materials.Mainly used for building all kinds of integral structures such as lining inside heating furnace.Some high quality varieties can also be used in smelting furnaces.Such as aluminate cement refractory castable can be widely used in a variety of heating furnace and other slag, no acid and alkali erosion of thermal equipment.Refractory castable, which is made of high quality granular and powdery materials with high alumina content and good sintering, can be used in places where the working temperature is higher and eroded by molten iron, molten steel and slag, such as the discharging groove, shengsteel drum, blast furnace hearth and discharging ditch.For example, phosphate refractory castable can be widely used in heating furnace and soaking pit of heating metal, and can also be used in coke oven and cement kiln where directly contact with materials.In some parts of metallurgical furnaces and other vessels in direct contact with slag and molten metal the use of high quality phosphate refractories has also shown good results.In some parts where the working temperature is not very high and the wear resistance is high, it is more suitable to use phosphate refractory castable.If the refractory material made of corundum is selected, it will have better effect in reducing atmosphere.
As the lining of thermal equipment and furnace body, generally should be before the first use of baking, in order to make the physical water and crystal water gradually remove, reach a certain degree of sintering, make its volume and some properties to use the stable state.Baking system has a great impact on service life.The basic principle of the baking system should be that the heating rate should be corresponding to the possible changes and deformation of dehydration and other phases, and the temperature should be slowly heated up or even kept warm for quite a long time in some temperature stages where the above changes occur rapidly.If the baking is improper or not baked immediately rapid temperature rise into use, easy to produce serious cracks, or even loose collapse, in the special thick parts may even explode.
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