China's large-scale demand for bulk metal resources will remain for quite a long time

It is inevitable to go out and exploit overseas resources

Affected by the periodic characteristics of China's economic development cycle, the growth rate of the demand for bulk metal mineral resources in China has entered the peak period during the 11th five-year plan period and entered the decline period from the 12th five-year plan period.With the comprehensive reform of China's economic system, government functions, social and people's livelihood and the progress of economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading, China's economic growth rate will gradually enter a stable and reasonable period after the twelfth five-year plan.China's demand for bulk metal mineral resources will also gradually enter a stable period after the 12th five-year plan, in which the range will fluctuate slightly.In order to meet the improvement of people's material and cultural life and the steady progress of economic construction, China's large-scale demand for bulk metal resources will remain for quite a long time.Although the intensity of demand will not increase significantly, the quantity scale is still huge.

If the basic reserves and resources of world resources are taken into account, the scale and ratio of storage and production will be greatly increased.World bulk metal mineral resources reserves and supply prospects are relatively optimistic.

Compared with foreign high-quality resources, China's bulk metal mineral resources are at a disadvantage in terms of grade, scale and mining conditions.Among them, the average grade of iron ore is more than 10% lower than the world average, 97% of iron ore is less than 30% of low-grade iron ore;The average grade of manganese ore is only 22%, 13% lower than the international ore industry standard.The average grade of copper mine is only 0.87%, lower than the world average grade of 1%;In China, the refractory ores with low al-si ratio, high mining cost and high energy consumption account for more than 98%, and the high-quality bauxite resources are scarce.At the same time, the co-associated mineral deposits account for about 80% of the proved mineral reserves in China.

Due to the high price of bulk metal mineral resources in the world, as well as the excess capacity of China's metal smelting and processing industry, the decline of demand growth rate and fierce market competition, China's bulk metal smelting and processing industry currently has low profits and operating difficulties, so a large amount of foreign exchange funds are used to purchase ore resources.For example: in 2013, China's iron ore, bauxite, copper concentrate imports account for $104.9 billion, $38.2 billion and $21 billion respectively, and at the same time China's large and medium-sized steel enterprises (81%) of the national production, aluminum smelting and copper smelting industry profit is 22.8 billion yuan respectively (industry profit rate is only 0.4%), loss of 2.3 billion yuan, 15.3 billion yuan.

It can be seen that relying on domestic resources can not meet China's demand for bulk metal resources.The supply of resources is subject to others, self-protection ability is not strong, subject to the fluctuations of the international market, a large amount of funds for the purchase of resources, not only affects the healthy development of related industries, but also the national economic construction will cause adverse effects, and China's increasing international status is inconsistent.From the point of view of realizing the goal of rejuvenating China and building a strong country and ensuring the security of national economic construction, large-scale investment in the development and utilization of high-quality overseas resources will be inevitable and cannot be swayed by changes in economic and market conditions at a certain stage.In particular, China has made strategic plans to "One Belt And One Road" and support the construction of "railway between the two oceans". Through the in-depth development of infrastructure connectivity, economic and trade cooperation and diplomatic relations, China has provided major strategic opportunities to go out and exploit the resources of countries along the overseas routes.

Seize opportunities and actively develop overseas resources

At present, the supply of international bulk metal resources mainly concentrated in Australia, North America (Canada, the United States), Mexico, South America (Chile, Brazil, Peru), Russia, Indonesia, South Africa and other countries and regions.At the same time, African countries such as guinea and sierra leone, as well as Mongolia and India around our country are also gradually forming large supply, or have corresponding potential.In the international mining resources market, major resource suppliers and large mining enterprises have a high market share, and their resources are of good quality, low development cost and strong market competitiveness.

Since 2008, China's mining enterprises have started large-scale investment in the development of overseas metal mineral resources projects, which has invested tens of billions of dollars.However, in terms of effect, the achievement is not ideal. The ability to acquire overseas resources is relatively weak, and the success rate is only about 20%. So far, no effective supply of domestic resources has been formed.The main reason for the failure of overseas resources development in China's mining enterprises lies in the lack of enterprise ability and experience and the lack of government support.

Current international mining market is gradually into the trough, the state actively promote "area" and the support for the construction of "two foreign railway" strategic project, for our country mining companies in the countries along the resources development created favorable opportunity, should give full play to the government policy support on the financial and diplomatic channels, for mining companies to "go out".At the same time, mining enterprises should pay attention to the past experience and lessons, pay attention to the improvement of their own ability, enhance the competitiveness of the international market.

First, strengthen and attach importance to the guiding role of planning research.We will carry out research on strategies for overseas resource development at the national level, formulate relevant plans to guide overseas resource development and make it more coordinated and systematic.

Second, the establishment or designation of special agencies specifically responsible for the development of overseas resources related work.There should be a specialized agency with a comprehensive understanding of overseas resource development and a systematic and targeted approach to specific work with the purpose of serving the development of overseas resources.Responsible for policy formulation, implementation and monitoring;Integrate various domestic related resources;Coordinate and solve the specific affairs related to enterprises going out.

Third, special state support funds should be set up.For overseas project planning, research and early-stage investment subsidies, project investment subsidies and capital injection, loan discount, guarantee subsidies, short-term loss subsidies, personnel training and scientific and technological research and development subsidies;The parent company shall be provided with corresponding preferential and convenient policies in respect of taxation and use of foreign exchange.

Fourth, we need to strengthen support through diplomatic channels.Through the strategy between countries, economic and trade cooperation and diplomatic relations for mining enterprises to obtain projects, obtain the host country's preferential investment policies and government support to provide diplomatic channels to guarantee.

Fifth, to cultivate large domestic mining enterprises and professional financial investment institutions.We will support domestic mining enterprises and financial institutions in actively participating in the development of overseas resources, study and liberalize their management systems and operating mechanisms, and gradually bring them into line with the international market.In particular, the basic state-owned and private enterprises should have preferential policies and funding.

The sixth is to attach importance to the study of resource acquisition.According to the characteristics of different projects, flexible selection of intergovernmental loans, investment and shares, cooperation with foreign enterprises, joint development of domestic enterprises, independent development, etc., reduce project risks, strive for more preferential conditions, access to project opportunities, improve the success rate of the project.

The development, recycling and comprehensive utilization of domestic resources will provide favorable support for resource supply

Due to the impact of China's resource endowment, the supply of bulk metal resources in China is larger than that in China, but the development and utilization of domestic resources is our most reliable basic guarantee.Meanwhile, recycling and utilization of waste metal resources and comprehensive utilization of associated mineral resources are also important guarantees for us.At present, China's mining enterprises have a high tax rate, the overall technological level is not high, illegal ACTS such as random mining and digging and the phenomenon of not complying with industry access requirements still exist, the domestic mining trade and financing market is in the primary stage, the supporting role is not strong;The recycling utilization rate of waste metal resources is low, and the recycling channels are not standard.Comprehensive utilization rate of resources and low enthusiasm of mining enterprises.

First, reduce the proportion of taxes and fees of mining enterprises, standardize the order of the industry.We will take advantage of the implementation of the mineral resource tax system to eliminate fees and taxes, merge unreasonable local taxes and fees, and reduce the pressure on enterprises.In order to encourage enterprises to improve their technological level, the tax collection ratio shall take into account such factors as resource grade, recovery rate, comprehensive utilization rate of valuable elements, and environmental protection status of mining areas.We will strictly implement the relevant rules and regulations on environmental protection and industry access, establish a system for tracing the relevant responsibilities during and after the incident, and severely investigate and punish enterprises that fail to observe the rules and regulations, so as to standardize the order of the industry.

The second is to cultivate service resources such as trading, financing and commercial reserves.Establish a standardized and transparent trading and financing market and integrity system for domestic mineral products, mining rights and prospecting.We will support and nurture the development and expansion of domestic supporting service institutions, such as risk prospecting, third-party assessment of mining rights, relevant legal services, and personnel training.Play a role of market stabilizer of national and commercial strategic resource reserve.

Third, standardize recycling of waste resources.Gradually, product manufacturers, consumers and the state shall provide part of recycling funds as resource recycling funds, mainly subsidize the construction of recycling outlets in communities and public places, standardize recycling channels, and subsidize the production and operation of formal waste and utilization enterprises.Strictly implement the scrap recycling system of waste resources, control and regulate the illegal operation of a large number of waste utilization enterprises, and realize the recycling of waste resources with high efficiency and environmental protection;Support the research and development of waste metal resources disassembly and separation, smelting and separation technology and equipment, and promote the application in the industry;Raise consumer's consumption and environmental awareness of resource recycling.

Fourth, tap the potential of comprehensive utilization of resources and improve the efficiency of resource utilization.Economic, environmental and social benefits should be taken into account in the comprehensive utilization of resources.The state should increase financial support for the comprehensive utilization of resources, focusing on subsidies for scientific and technological research and development, project subsidies, personnel training, and tax relief and refund, so as to increase the enthusiasm of enterprises and public institutions.To strictly manage and supervise the comprehensive utilization of enterprise resources by means of industry access and relevant standards and regulations;We will carry out scientific and technological breakthroughs around the large number of coexisting resources that are difficult to select and cultivate and valuable to use.For example, vanadium-titanium magnetite in panxi region, high-speed bauxite in guangxi, and high-alumina coal ash in shanxi and Inner Mongolia.

Actively cultivate domestic financial futures, science and technology, engineering and legal consulting and other supporting elements

Financial futures, scientific and technological research and development, engineering and legal advice, professional information and research are essential elements of the mining market.At present, there is a big gap between China and Australia, Canada and other mining developed countries.

Develop an internationally influential financial futures market.Make use of China's regional hub port logistics and storage resources, huge resource demand market, attract all kinds of funds at home and abroad to participate, gradually increase the size of transactions, enrich and improve the transaction functions and types, enhance the influence and voice in the international market.Enterprises are encouraged to make use of domestic futures and port logistics and storage resource markets to realize product hedging and trade financing, reduce business risks and enrich business means.

To strengthen the capacity of domestic science and technology research and development, engineering and legal consulting, information and professional research.Centering on the relevant process technology and mechanical equipment needed for the development of domestic and foreign resources, support the scientific and technological research and development work of relevant domestic enterprises and institutions, and drive the output of domestic technology and equipment through projects;A number of professional industrial engineering consulting and legal service institutions have been cultivated around the service needs involved in resource development at home and abroad.In line with national strategy, mining and financial market development and various market participants' urgent demand for industry information and professional research services, several influential industry information and professional research institutions have been cultivated to provide professional information and think tank services.